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微信扫描下方二维码，关注“英语考试与竞赛”公众号 回复“专四”，即可获得历年真题备考资料
时态（tense&aspect）：英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生 时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。 语态：语态(Voice )是动同的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系，英语中分为主动语态(Active Voice) 与被动语态( Passive Voice )两种。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 真题回顾（2009-2021）： 2013年真题 18.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT____ . A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four B. The school pupils will be home by now C. The President is coming to the UN next week D. He is going to email me the necessary information 答案：B 考点：将来时间的表达 will+be表推测 2014年真题 12. Which of the following sentence sex presses a future action? A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister. B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance. C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge. D. I'm hoping that you'll give us some advice. 答案：B 考点：进行时的用法 进行体表将来：体现在位置移动的动词，且有明显的将来时间状语 2016年真题 11.How can I concentrate if you __continually __ me with silly questions? A. have... interrupted B. had...interrupted C. are... interrupting D. were... interrupting 答案：D 考点：进行时的用法 进行体和频率副词continually连用表不满情绪 2017年真题 14."I wondered if I could have a word with you." The past tense used in the sentence refers to a ___. A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness 答案：B 考点：过去时的用法 动词wonder/hope/want的过去时表示现在，一种试探性礼貌请求 2018年真题 12. U.S. News __ rankings of colleges since1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to auniversity campus. A. maintains B. is maintaining C. maintained. D. has been maintaining 答案：D 考点：完成进行体的用法 信号词：since+过去时间点，体现动作从过去持续到现在 2019年真题 19. What is the function of the present progressive in "They are always calling me by the wrong name"? A. To express unfavorable feelings. B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility. C. To indicate uncertainty. D. To dramatize a fact 答案：A 考点：进行时的用法 进行体和频率副词always连用表不满情绪，同2016年考点 被动语态 2018年真题 11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __ancient Egypt's first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid. A. has been believed to have been B. was believed to be C. is believed to have been D. is believed to be 答案：C 考点：”人们认为+宾语从句”的第2种被动语态形式，宾语从句时态为过去时，则用to have been 2021年真题补充卷 17.Scientists used sonar to map the seafloor where the plane __ , and then searched for any remnants. A. was thought to crash B. was thought crashing C. was thought to have crashed D. was thought having crashed 答案：C 考点：”人们认为+宾语从句”的2种被动语态，宾语从句时态为过去时，则to have done 专四高频语法考点总结 1.一般过去时 ➢ 表示现在时间：试探委婉的请求 What did you want? 你需要点什么？ I wondered if you’d look after my mother when I am absent. 我出去的时候能帮忙照看一下我母亲吗？ 2.现在进行时 ➢ 表示按计划近期内即将发生的动作 He is meeting the manager tomorrow. ➢ 现在进行时与频率副词连用，表示不满抱怨的语气。always/constantly 3.现在完成进行时 ➢ 与since+过去时间点/for+一段时间，表达动作从过去开始持续到现在 4.将来时 ➢ will除表将来外，作为情态动词可表对现在肯定的推测 5.宾语从句的被动语态 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe，consider，expect, hope, report, say，suppose，think, suggest等后面接宾语从句时,其被动句有两种形式:一种是用“It+be+过去分词+that 从句”的句型;另一种是用宾语从句的主语作为被动句的主语,把从句中的谓语动词变为不定式作主语补足语,构成“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”的句型。注意从句时态的变化如: We believe that he comes. 被动1：lt is believed that he comes . 据说他来了。 被动2：He is believed to come. 他被认为来了。 ➢ come如果表示过去came/has come,则被动2中的to come用完成体 to have come ➢ come如果表示将来will come/is coming,则被动2中to come用进行体 to be coming 语法练习（真题2009前） 1. In his plays Shakespeare _____his characters live through their language. A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes 2.I______writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother's illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me. A. am to have finished B. was to have finished C. was to finish D. ought to finish 3. For some time now, world leaders ______out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed 4.“It seems that she was there at the conference.” The sentence means that A. she seems to be there at the conference. B. she seemed to be there at the conference. C. she seems to have been there at the conference. D. she seemed to being there at the conference. 5. The committee has anticipated the problems that____ in the road construction project. A. arise B. will arise C. arose D. have arisen 6.He would have finished his college education, but he__ to quit and find a job to sup-port his family. A. had had B. has C. had D. would have 7.James has just arrived，, but I didn't know he ____ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 8.________conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 9. Jack______ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. A. has been missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed 10. Come and see me whenever_______ A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you 11.Mr. White works with a chemicals import& export company, but he____ for this industrial fair, since he is on leave. A. has worked B. works C. has been working D. is working 12. Professor Johnson is said_____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. A. having made B. Making C. to have made D. to make 答案：1-5 D B B C B 6-10 C B DＡC 11-12 D C 微信扫描下方二维码，关注“英语考试与竞赛”公众号 回复“专四”，即可获得历年真题备考资料
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