大学英语四六级翻译、作文预测各10篇

As for me, I take everything easy and keep a habit of doing physical exercise for an hour every day, thereby helping me stay in a good mood and live a happy life.

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on stress management. Your essay should include the importance of stress management and measures to be taken to cope with stress. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 

作文范文

On Stress Management

Job stress, interpersonal stress, emotional stress...stress in various guises in the society makes us out of breath. If this situation continues to worsen, our physical and mental status will raise the alarm. Thus, it’s urgent to relieve stress. For one thing, stress gives rise to immunity deterioration, which causes many health problems. For another, getting rid of stress helps us live in a positive cycle.

What measures can be taken to reduce pressure？Here are some useful suggestions for you. Firstly, when you are overwhelmed by stress and anguish, it’s a better idea to fully confide your feelings to your intimate friends and relatives. Secondly, regular exercise is another recommendable way to get relaxed because you can produce a hormone that makes you happy by doing exercise. Last but not least, you can transfer your focus by reading an interesting book or listening to a favorite song, thereby getting your intense nerves calm down.

In a word, stress doesn’t hold any fear for us. Once we grasp correct methods to cope with stress, trouble will be dismissed from our mind.

​

作文题目

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Optimism by commenting on the saying “When one door closes, another opens, but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作文范文

On Optimism

The saying “When one door closes, another opens, but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us” signifies the root of the feeling of frustration which plagues many people today and shows the importance of optimism.

During our lifetime obstacles are inevitable. On the one hand, when facing obstacles, optimists tend to get up the nerve to overcome them and often end up finding out new ways. On the other hand, pessimists would either do nothing but keep complaining about the setbacks or get trapped instead of adopting a new approach.

Admittedly, due to the constraints of people's inborn talents and surroundings, some certain obstacles in life are simply hard to overcome for many people. However, a truly optimistic person knows how to adjust himself quickly to the changeable environment.

2、个人品质性格话题

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled The Power of Cooperation. Your essay should include reasons accounting for cooperation and then express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 

作文范文

The Power of Cooperation

“People with one mind will remove Mount Tai.” This quotation aims at informing us of the significance of cooperation. It’s definitely true that one man’s strength is too limited, so only with cooperation can we achieve our objectives more smoothly.

We should always bear in mind that in such a competitive world, no individual or organization can achieve success without collaboration. If every individual in a group can work together actively and draw on each other’s strength, those once deemed unrealizable tasks for one single person can be efficiently accomplished through joint efforts. As students, it’s cooperation that helps us solve many problems that we can’t deal with alone. That means we can gain lots of benefits from cooperation.

Only when a person knows how to cooperate with others can he learn to share with others, care for and communicate with others. Let’s strive for a better future with cooperation.

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on mutual understanding. Your essay should include the importance of mutual understanding and measures to be taken to learn to understand others. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 

作文范文

Mutual Understanding

As the saying goes, “It is man’s mission to learn to understand.” The simple quotation from American famous engineer Vannevar Bush tells us the importance of mutual understanding. As a matter of fact, mutual understanding is not just a matter of importance, but also of necessity.

For one thing, mutual understanding lays the foundation for all kinds of interpersonal relationships. The world is full of diversity and people hold different values and faith. Only when we understand each other can we put aside the differences, get along well with each other and keep a long-term relationship. For another, mutual understanding can clear up misapprehensions. Everyone has his own principle when dealing with things. It’s unwise and unfair to judge a person’s behavior according to our own experience. To avoid misunderstanding, we need to put ourselves in others’ shoes. 

In conclusion, mutual understanding undoubtedly fosters all relationships. Therefore, we should come to realize the importance of mutual understanding and try hard to create a harmonious world.

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Actions Speak Louder than Words by commenting on the remark “Action is the real measure of intelligence.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

作文范文

Actions Speak Louder than Words

I assume that most of us are familiar with Napoleon Hill’s remark:“Action is the real measure of intelligence.” Obviously, what we can make of this quotation is the significance of taking action.

Each of us has a dream and deserves an opportunity to realize our dreams. However, whether our dreams can come true only depends on whether we take action or not. It’s a common problem for some people that they talk about their dreams, but they never put them into action. We should always remember that what we dream of won’t come to us just by words and slogans. It is tangible actions and down-to-earth efforts that make a difference. The more action we take, the more likely we are to accumulate experience, master skills and get close to the destination.

Above all, at no time should we ignore the value of action, because action gets us everywhere we want to go while words bring us nowhere. Accordingly, not only should we possess a great dream, but we also should take action to make it come true.

作文题目

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of personal credit. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作文范文

On the Importance of Personal Credit

A thought-provoking question is raised in the picture that how we handle the embarrassing question when our kids ask us about our credit score if we have a bad credit report. With the popularity of credit cards in modern society, we must pay high attention to our personal credit to avoid such an embarrassing question. Firstly, personal credit report is a mirror of our honesty and credibility, which is of great significance for us to gain a foothold in society since nobody will believe a liar. Secondly, we should set a good example for our children. As the famous saying goes, there is no job more important than parenting. Paying off the credit card on time is a living example to teach our kids how to be a responsible man. In addition, a good credit record could bring us some benefits and convenience, such as an efficient loan when we are in need .All in all, a small credit card mirrors a big world. Never belittle your personal credit because it really matters. 

3、教育话题

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on books by referring to the saying “A good book is your best friend.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 

作文范文

My View on Books

Life is a journey, during which we are all in desperate need of a true friend. Books, to a large extent, are considered as the best friends of human beings. However, in the current society, due to the rapid development of the Internet technology, more and more people are so indulged in the virtual world that they do not read books any more. Hence, the value of reading books has to be highlighted again.

Persistent attention should be paid to books for several reasons. First of all, with a broad coverage of subjects and topics, books enable one to become better. 

According to Francis Bacon, a prestigious philosopher of Renaissance, “Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep.” In addition, since time-honored books accumulate the wisdom of ancient talents, reading them can offer people the possibility of attaining an in-depth understanding of history and culture. Finally, books assist people in fully enjoying their leisure time.

To sum up, it is imperative for people from all walks of life to read books—the perpetual friends in human life. Not only should we read masterpieces to attain the ancient wisdom, but we should also read other kinds of books selectively to learn human life.

作文题目

Some people believe that university education should focus on the skills of employment for the future. Others think they should focus on academic study only. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

写作思路

大学专注职业技能的理由主要是为了让毕业生更容易找到工作，因为大学生毕业以后需要谋生，需要适应工作市场的需求，而且求职的竞争很激烈，大学教学需要适应社会的形势。另一方面则认为大学应该专注学术，因为大学的功能是培养精英人才，而不是行使职业技术学校的职能。专注学术并非不利于学生就业，恰好相反，学术功底扎实的人在事业上往往更有成就，能够为事业发展打下良好的基础。

词汇语料

earn a living 谋生 

realistic 现实的

priority 优先

meet employers' demand 满足雇主需求

fierce competition 激烈的竞争

job market 劳动力市场

call for 需要

cultivate elites 培养精英

academic curriculum 学术课程

employment-oriented 就业导向的    

jeopardize 损害

equate 等同于

lay a solid foundation 打基础

have a good command 掌握

end up Z终

persist in 坚持

shortsighted view 短视的观点

excel 做到优秀

作文范文

People have different opinions about the aim of the university: whether the university should focus on employment skills or academic study. In this essay, I will discuss this issue from both sides.   

Some people emphasize employment skills and believe these are what students most need in today’s society. Earning a living is the realistic task students have to face after they leave campus, so preparing them for employment should be the priority of the university. The best way is to teach students practical skills that can be applied to real jobs and meet employers’ demand. The fierce competition in the job market calls for the university to take action; otherwise students may face unemployment after graduation.   

However, some people argue that the university should concentrate on academic study. One of the main functions of the university is to cultivate elites in the areas of politics, economy, science, etc. through its academic curriculum. The employment-oriented education jeopardizes this function, equating the university to the vocational school. Also, from the perspective of students’ personal development, academic study enables them to lay a solid foundation for their future careers, no matter what jobs they will do. Those who have a good command of practical skills usually end up doing operational work, while graduates with strong academic background can achieve greater success in their careers.

In my opinion, the university should persist in its aim for improving the academic standard, which is beneficial to the university and students as well. Focusing on employment skills is a shortsighted view and graduates with high academic levels can also excel in their jobs.    

作文题目

The family has great influence on children’s development, but the influence from outside the home plays a bigger part in children’s life. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

写作思路

关于家庭和其他因素对于孩子成长的影响，家庭的影响主要来自父母的家庭教育。父母是孩子的第一任老师，孩子模仿父母并且听从父母。良好的家教有助于孩子成才，反之则不利于孩子成长。当孩子上学之后，来自学校的影响似乎更大。老师系统地传授知识，让孩子在学业方面取得进步，同时老师规范孩子的行为，为孩子树立榜样。此外，与学校同龄人的交往互动也深刻影响到孩子的发展。

词汇语料

multiple factors 多种因素          

play an indispensable role 发挥不可或缺的作用

childhood years 童年 

life skills 生活技能

distinguish right from wrong 分辨是非

set a good example 树立榜样

become valuable members of society 成才

impart knowledge 传授知识

in a systematic manner 系统地

make progress  取得进步

role models 榜样

settle a dispute 解决争论

contribute to the community 为社区做贡献     

parenting approach 育儿方法

作文范文

Every child is influenced by multiple factors in his or her growth. Compared with the family, other factors from outside the home seem to have greater influence on children’s development.   

Parents are considered as children's first teachers, playing an indispensable role in children’s growth, particularly in their childhood years. Parents are the first to help children to learn basic life skills and the ability to distinguish right from wrong. Children tend to imitate what their parents do and follow how their parents behave. If parents could set a good example, children would be more likely to become valuable members of society. By contrast, the wrong methods of parenting can be harmful to children’s growth. 

However, after children enter school, other factors have greater influence on their development than parents do. First and foremost, teachers in school impart children knowledge of various subjects in a systematic manner so that children can make progress in academics and prepare for future careers. Teachers are also expected to be students’ role models, guiding them in behavior and correcting their mistakes. In addition, school is a wider community where children spend most of time living and studying together with their peers from different backgrounds. This experience is important in children’s growth, which teaches them how to interact positively with others, to settle a dispute and to contribute to the community.

In conclusion, parenting approaches affect children’s abilities, values and behavior, especially during pre-school years. After children start school, this influence still exists but other factors from outside of the family play a larger role in children’s development.  

作文题目

School leavers go travelling or work for a period before they go directly to university. Are there more advantages or disadvantages on their study?

写作思路

本题是道经典的有关“间隔年”的议论文，写作方向比较灵活，但一定要注意题目中的限定词“study”，作文只能从学习的角度来谈论间隔年的利弊。

词汇语料

take a gap year 间隔年

edge 优势 

academic performance 学习成绩

advocates of the practice 提倡这种做法的人

passionate 热情的 

recognition 认识

restricted 受限制的

a broader view of life 更广阔的人生视野

a clearer perspective of career aspiration 更清晰的职业愿景

higher academic motivation and engagement later 更高的学术动机和参与度

break the momentum of study 打破学习的势头

are accustomed to 习惯于

opponents of this practice 这种做法的反对者

precisely 恰恰

crystallize one’s decision-making 明确一个人的决策

develop self-directed and self-regulation skills 培养自我指导和自我调节的技能

predictor 预测物

scholastic attainment 学业成绩

self-reliance 自力更生

motivated and effective learners 积极有效的学习者

作文范文

Whether to take a gap year between high school and university has become a major question for many. Some argue this practice is beneficial, while others think otherwise. Generally, I believe it gives an edge in one’s academic performance. 

The advocates of the practice claim that taking this crucial year off can help to give the direction students need to choose a major they are passionate about. The reason for the recognition is that students who pass directly from school to university can be restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. Conversely, those who have the experience of travelling abroad or earning a living tend to have a broader view of life and therefore a clearer perspective of career aspiration. In this case, gap year students are more likely to have higher academic motivation and engagement later on in university.

On the other hand, others are worried that taking a gap year can break the momentum of study. After high school, students are accustomed to going to classes, taking tests, and writing papers; thus, their study skills could suffer if they took a break for a year. Unfortunately, opponents of this practice are unaware of the fact that requirements of university study are rather different. Independence is a very important factor in academic study and research, and a gap year is precisely about crystallizing one’s decision-making and developing self-directed and self-regulation skills. It is safe to say that the best predictor of students’ future scholastic attainment is the level of their self-reliance.

In conclusion, I believe students should be advised to think about the option of taking a break before going straight to university when necessary, which will encourage them to become more motivated and effective learners. 

作文题目

Education of young people is highly prioritized in many countries. However, educating adults who cannot write or read is even more important and governments should spend more money on this. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

写作思路

是否应该重视成年人的扫盲教育，让他们具备基本的读写能力？这么做当然很有必要，而且和青少年的教育同样重要。无论对于个人还是对于社会，读书写字的基本技能都很重要。对于个人来说，生活更加便利，能够找到更好的工作，同时也能够利用自己的知识和技能为社会服务。政府和社会之所以重视青少年教育，是希望青少年能有好的未来，能够为社会多做贡献，那么对于教育缺失的成年人，政府也应该给与同样的支持。

词汇语料

give priority to 优先 

literacy rate 识字率

improve people’s well-being 增强幸福感

live a normal life 过正常的生活

have difficulty in 有困难

receive proper education 接受正规教育

pay a price 付出代价

increase people’s employability 提高就业率

qualified 合格的

competent 胜任的

rely on 依赖

job market 工作市场

enhance their competitiveness 提升竞争力

challenging 有挑战性的

make greater contribution 做更大的贡献

bright prospect 美好的未来

作文范文

In many countries, a certain portion of adults are illiterate, which means they do not have the basic ability to read or write. However, education for these people is quite limited and governments tend to give priority to the education of children and young people. In my opinion, educating adults and reducing the illiteracy rate should also be emphasized.

Firstly, learning to read and write can improve adults’ well-being and make their lives more convenient. Some illiterate people struggle to live a normal life as they may have difficulty in reading the menu and bus schedule. For some reasons, they do not receive proper education at a young age and later on they are paying a price for this. If the government could provide some education programs for this group of citizens, life would be much easier for them.    

Moreover, raising the literacy rate can increase people’s employ ability and produce more qualified workers for society. Most of people with low literacy rely on the government’s welfare or do some low-paid work. Education will enhance their competitiveness in the job market, making them competent in challenging jobs with higher pay. This is also beneficial to society, as educated people can make greater contribution with their knowledge and skills. 

Unfortunately, adults’ education does not receive as much attention as children’s education in many parts of the world. This is mainly because the issue of adult illiteracy is often ignored by the government and public. The purpose of school education is to give young people a bright prospect and make them better serve society, and for those adults whose schooling is not complete, the government should offer them equal support. 

作文题目

Nowadays, some parents put a lot of pressure on their children. What are the reasons for parents doing that? Is this a positive or negative development for the children?

写作思路

本题难度系数较低，写作思路丰富而灵活。其中审题的关键是要处理程度词a lot of，以及两问之间的逻辑关系。家庭教育的出题角度有直接谈论家庭教育的重要性，也有像今天考题一样讨论错误的父母教育会产生的影响；如果对该话题有准备针对性的预测素材，可以轻松获取高分！

词汇语料

granted that 即使

constant pressure 持续的压力

intense pressure 强大的压力

multiple 许多的

excel 超越

stiff competition 激烈的竞争

academic performance 成绩

prestigious university 名校

a special privilege 一个特权

live up to 不辜负

adverse consequence 不良后果

impose too much pressure 施加太大压力

exert a life-long impact 产生终身的影响

a distorted recognition 一个扭曲的认识

gain an edge in the job market 在就业市场上获得优势

educational assessment 教育评估

disastrous 灾难般的

constant goal-setting 不断设定目标

digest 消化

unhealthy defiance 不健康的反抗

self-doubt 自我怀疑

unsatisfied adulthood 失望的成年

sleep deprivation 失眠

eating disorders 饮食失调

excess stress 过量的压力

parental pressure 父母的压力

bring forth a nervous breakdown 产生精神崩溃

a bare necessity 必然

there is a fine line between... and... 仅一线之隔

作文范文

Granted that parents do expect their children to lead a successful life, they put them under constant pressure to perform. Generally, I believe that being under such intense pressure can have serious consequences in multiple areas for children. 

Many children are taught to compete with each other from their earliest memory so as to survive and to excel. It is true that stiff competition begins from primary school where students have to begin to remain good academic performance in order to enter a prestigious university later on. Protecting children from heart-breaking rejections is a parents’ special privilege believed by many. However, sometimes they hold the expectations too high for children to live up to. 

One major adverse consequence for imposing too much pressure on children is that they may easily form a negative attitude to learning, which will exert a life-long impact. Many parents have a distorted recognition that the purpose of receiving education is simply to guarantee a future career, and therefore gaining an edge in the job market is the only goal that motivates children to work hard. In this case, examinations are widely used as the sole educational assessment to evaluate the learning process, and children focus only on what is likely to be tested; thus, the educational experience is narrowed to a large extent, which can easily discourage the interests in learning. 

Another disastrous influence is that children who are under high amount of stress are at a greater risk of developing depression or other mental or physical health conditions. When children are dealing with the constant goal-setting by parents, they are digesting high levels of anxiety. Fear of failure can stop them from taking up new tasks or even completing the ones at hand. It can create unhealthy defiance that  leads to self-doubt or even unsatisfied adulthood. Issues, such as, sleep deprivation, eating disorders, and loss of interest in hobbies are all among the consequences for excess stress. Hence, parental pressure may bring forth a nervous breakdown.

To conclude, although a secure family environment is considered a bare necessity for healthy growth and development of children, there is a fine line between caring and caring too much.

作文题目

Some people think children have the freedom to make mistakes, while other people believe that adults should prevent children from making mistakes. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

写作思路

这是一个典型的教育话题，是否允许孩子犯错。支持的理由认为，孩子能够从错误中学习，可以总结教训，反思自我，从而获得成长和进步。如果家长过度保护孩子，可能导致他们变得依赖，从而缺乏应对挫折和失败的能力。反方则认为，家长应该主动干预，避免孩子犯错，因为某些严重的犯错不利于孩子的成长。家长有责任和经验，能够帮助孩子少走弯路。总体来看，家长还是应该给孩子一定的自由度，在监督规范孩子行为的同时，允许他们犯错，关键是从错误中学习和避免犯同样的错误。

词汇语料

intervention 干预 

unavoidable 不可避免的

reflect on 反思

remedy 补救

resilience 恢复力

deprive of 剥夺

confront with 面对

setbacks and failures 挫折和失败

disheartened 灰心的

parental guidance 家长引导

pay a price 付出代价

guardian 监护人

intend to 企图

play truant 逃学     

recover 恢复

severity 严重性

overprotection 过度保护

作文范文

Some people believe that children should be allowed to make and learn from mistakes, while others think parents’ intervention is needed to prevent these mistakes.    

According to some people, mistakes are unavoidable and learning from the mistake is a valuable experience in life. After making mistakes, children can learn to reflect on their actions and remedy the situations. In this process, they develop important characteristics such as independence and resilience. By contrast, if children always live under the protection of parents, they are deprived of the opportunity to learn and grow. Once confronted with setbacks and failures in their adulthood, they become disheartened without the right attitude and strategy to handle these.  

However, some people argue that learning from mistakes is unnecessary and mistakes should be avoided with parental guidance in place. Every time children make a mistake they are paying a price for that, and some prices are too high to afford. As the guardian of children, parents have the responsibility to prevent children from making such mistakes. For some children who intend to play truant or imitate dangerous behavior, parents should stop them and make them realize the consequence, rather than letting them learn from the mistakes on their own.      

                       

In my point of view, it is unlikely that individuals can make no errors throughout their lives; therefore, allowing children to learn from mistakes and recover from setbacks is beneficial to their growth. Of course, the severity and frequency of the mistakes need to be supervised. A certain degree of guidance from adults is necessary, but overprotection should not be encouraged.  

4、科技话题

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your view on the effect that modern technology has on our study. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

作文范文

Does Modern Technology Benefit Our Study？

Going far beyond our imagination, technology products have seeped into our daily life and unwittingly influenced all aspects of our lives. Recently, an App called Homework Doer has aroused growing interest among students. Just as what we can see in the picture above, when a boy is doing homework, the Homework Doer does him a favor, saying “Homework？Let me help you.”

As is shown in the picture, technological advancement affects our study. Indeed, technology is of great benefit to today’s students. With the help of modern technology, students can have access to a sea of knowledge faster. However, the bad effects of high-tech achievements can’t be ignored. The boy in the picture is a case in point. It is undeniable that the Homework Doer can help him overcome the immediate difficulty in his homework. But in the long run, it deprives him of the ability to think independently. If things continue in this way, he will finally become a man without his own ideas, for which it would be too late to be regretful.

In my opinion, advanced technology is a double-edged sword and students can benefit from it on the premise that they take every advantage of it properly.

5、环保话题

作文题目

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your view on protecting the forests. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作文范文

On Protecting the Forests

As is vividly shown in the picture, a man is chopping down a tree, with sleeves rolling up and a cigarette in his mouth. Suddenly a woodpecker, fluttering its wings, flies on the man's shoulder, pecking and thinking angrily: “There must be worms in this piece of wood...”

Why does the woodpecker peck the man? Because there are worms in his head, and the worms are called “greed” and “selfishness”. Human beings have been cutting down trees for more wood and farmland, and the areas of forests are getting smaller and smaller. If the forests disappear, dust storms will occur frequently. Human beings will be punished for their forest-destroying activities sooner or later.

We must face the situation and take actions to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be enacted to place strict control over deforestation, and the public must realize the importance of protecting the forests.

作文题目

More and more plastic is polluting the city, countryside and ocean. What are the problems caused by plastic waste? What measures should be taken to solve these problems? 

写作思路

大量使用塑料制品，产生的废弃塑料给环境造成了巨大的危害。因为塑料不容易自然降解，所以会存续很多年，里面含有的化学物质对于土壤和水会造成污染。此外，塑料在海洋中会变成小颗粒，鱼类食用后导致死亡，还会威胁到食用这些鱼类的其他生物以及人类。要减少塑料污染，Z有效的解决办法就是减少使用塑料制品，研发和推广替代塑料的其他材料。比如鼓励人们在生活中自带购物袋和咖啡杯，而商家也应该尽量使用非塑料材质的容器和包装。

词汇语料

affordable and durable  便宜耐用

source of pollution  污染源

decompose  分解

raw materials  原材料

additives  添加剂

toxic chemicals  有毒化学物质

release  释放

degrade the quality  降低质量

disastrous consequences  灾难性的后果  

be broken down into  被分解成

cause hazard to  造成危害

cut down / reduce  减少 

develop and promote  开发和推广

作文范文

Plastic is widely used in people’s daily lives for carry bags, drinking bottles and all kinds of packaging. However, this kind of material, though affordable and durable, is causing serious problems to the environment.   

Plastic is a major source of pollution to the urban and rural environment. Because of its stable nature, it is not easy to decompose. Thus, the impact of plastic can last hundreds of years. As is known to all, the manufacturing process of plastic products involves raw materials and additives that contain toxic chemicals. If not disposed of properly, plastics will release these chemicals into the surrounding environment and degrade the quality of water and soil.   

Plastic pollution also brings about disastrous consequences to the ocean. Every year, tons of plastic bags, bottles and fishing gear are dumped into the ocean by coastal city residents and fishermen. After the plastic has broken down into smaller pieces, it may be eaten by fishes, leading to their death. This is a serious problem for all creatures that rely on marine life for food, including people.   

The issue of plastic pollution is so severe that measures need to be taken to tackle it. Cutting down the amount of plastic use is an effective way to reduce plastic waste, which requires the effort of both businesses and individuals. People should be encouraged to carry reusable bags for shopping and bring their own coffee mugs to cafés. Shops, restaurants and other businesses should use non-plastic materials for packaging and containers as much as possible. If alternative materials could be developed and promoted, the pollution caused by plastic waste would be dramatically reduced.   

作文题目

The natural resources, such as oil, forests, and fresh water, are being consumed at an alarming rate. What problems does it cause? How can we solve these problems?

写作思路

本题是道经典的环境类说明文考题，写作任务是分析过度消耗自然资源产生的问题，并给出解决方案。写作思路灵活，可用素材丰富。大家可将题目中给出的三个自然资源分开讨论或整合在一起展开写作。

词汇语料

voracious consumption of 贪婪的消耗

over-depletion 过度消耗

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

carbon emissions 碳排放

renewable forms of energy 可再生能源

solar radiation 太阳辐射

hydro power 水力发电

wind energy 风能

deforestation 滥伐森林

forest clearance 滥伐森林

biodiversity 生物多样性

mammal 哺乳动物

amphibians 两栖动物

rare and fragile species 稀有和脆弱的物种

natural imbalance 自然失衡

preservation effort 保护工作

botanical institutes 植物研究所

an alternative strategy 另外一种策略

natural habitats 自然栖息地

nature reserves 自然保护区

delicate ecosystems 脆弱的生态系统

the profligate use of water 滥用水

exacerbate the situation 令局势恶化

originate from 源自

sanitation issues 环境卫生问题

water scarcity 水短缺

adverse consequences 不良后果

irrigation 灌溉

economic slowdown 经济衰退

departments of legislation and regulation 立法、监管部门

taxation levers 税收杠杆

desalination 海水淡化

作文范文

Humanity’s voracious consumption of natural resources has brought about many problems. This essay will analyze some major consequences of over-depletion of oil, forests, and fresh water resources and offer possible solutions to reverse the trend. 

Fossil fuels such as oil produce large quantities of carbon dioxide when burnt, and the heat trapped by carbon emissions in the atmosphere leads to climate change. The environment is naturally able to deal with certain amounts of emissions, but the consumption of oil by human activities is in dramatic rise, driving global warming to dangerous levels. Therefore, action should be taken to encourage the widespread use of renewable forms of energy, such as solar radiation, hydro power, and wind energy. A good example is the manufacture and increasing availability of electric cars, which is an effective strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality.  

Deforestation or forest clearance results in a large number of disastrous effects, and one of them is the decline of biodiversity. From mammals to birds, insects, amphibians or plants, the forest is home to many rare and fragile species. By destroying the forests, human activities are putting entire ecosystems in danger, creating natural imbalance, and putting Life at threat. In order to maintain biodiversity, governments should promote greater understanding of plants and animals by investing in the research and preservation effort of universities, zoos, and botanical institutes. An alternative strategy is to protect natural habitats by expanding nature reserves, which will have immediate positive consequences for those areas by preserving delicate ecosystems. 

Insufficient fresh water resources have become a main crisis in many countries, both wealthy and poor. However, the profligate use of water exacerbates the situation. The biggest problem originating from water shortage is that people can hardly survive since up to 60% of the human body consists of water, and sanitation issues are followed when there is no proper access to clean water for daily use. Other adverse consequences of water scarcity include food shortage as agriculture relies on irrigation and economic slowdown because sufficient water access is a priority for industrial development. To address this issue, the government should provide leadership and work collectively across departments of legislation, regulation, and taxation levers to conduct water reuse, management, and conservation and to promote water treatment technologies such as desalination. 

To conclude, natural sources of energy are scarce worldwide nowadays; thus, effective measures should be taken immediately to make a difference. 

6、社会话题

作文题目

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay to express your views on should the retirement age be postponed. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作文范文

Should the Retirement Age Be Postponed?

Along with the trend of longevity, nobody could have failed to notice a heated debate on whether it is wise to postpone the retirement age.

Some people argue that it's necessary to postpone the retirement age in that it is a good way to reduce pension burdens. It helps create more social wealth as well as more money contributed toward the retirement pension. However， other people hold a negative view about it. For one thing, this reform could raise the pressure of social employment, especially under the present severe situation. For another, it may diminish seniors' leisure time and meanwhile, their lack of creativity and flexibility may be bad to the companies in the long run.

For my part, we should take social realities and the elders' interests into consideration so that a clearer perspective of the debate can be gained.

作文题目

Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists and not local people. Why is the case? What can be done to attract local people?

写作思路

为什么外地游客愿意去博物馆和历史景点，而本地人却不去？主要原因是游客希望更多了解当地的历史文化习俗，而参观博物馆是一个直接有效的方法获得这些信息。但是本地人往往觉得自己已经了解很多，所以没有兴趣。即使在空闲时间，他们也愿意去参加其他休闲放松的活动。如果要鼓励本地人去博物馆和历史景点，主要措施包括定期举办一些不同主题的活动，同时加大宣传，让本地居民知道这些活动并且积极参加。此外，考虑到本地参观者中很大一部分是青少年，可以鼓励他们和自己的父母一起去博物馆和历史景点。

词汇语料

achieve the purpose 达到目的

explore new places 探索新地方

pay a visit 参观

spare time 空闲时间 

appealing 吸引人的

hold exhibitions 举办展览

different themes 不同主题

interactive activities 互动活动

incorporate 结合

publicize 宣传

inform 告知

persuade 劝说

assignment 作业

motivated 有动力的

understandable 可以理解的     

tourist attractions 旅游景点

作文范文

It is common for tourists to visit museums and historical sites when they travel to a city, but an interesting phenomenon is that few of the visitors to these places are local people. There are some reasons that may explain this. 

One main purpose of travelling is to explore new places and visiting museums and historical sites is an easy way to achieve this purpose. It gives tourists a large amount of information about the history and culture of the new place they visit. By contrast, local people seem to be less interested in museums and historical spots, perhaps because they think they already know too much about their city, or they are too busy to pay a visit. In their spare time, they would rather go to the cinema or the park, which is more relaxing than visiting a museum. 

To attract more local people to museums and historical sites, an important measure is to make the tour to these places more appealing. For example, museums should hold exhibitions of different themes regularly, with interactive activities incorporated. These events need to be publicized in newspapers and on TV to make local residents informed. In addition, most of local visitors to museums and historical sites are students, and they can persuade their parents to join them. If students were given some assignments about doing research on local history, their parents would be motivated to go to the museum with them at weekends. 

In conclusion, it is understandable that museums and historical sites are attractive to tourists from the outside, but meanwhile we should take some measures to make these tourist attractions more appealing to local people. 

作文题目

Some people think that the best way to improve road transport safety is to make vehicle drivers have the test every year. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

写作思路

考题是社会话题，关于交通安全。题目的观点是让司机每年参加驾驶考试，作为改善道路安全的一个措施。这当然不是Z好的办法，因为这个措施没有必要，也缺乏可行性。首先，开车熟练的司机在考试中肯定会去遵守交规，但是自己开车的时候却不能做到，所以应该加强监控和加大违章惩罚，而不是对他们进行考试。其次，每年给司机举办考试需要花费大量的人力物力，在现实中难以实现。这些资源如果用在其他方面，比如完善道路设施，可能更加有助于改善道路安全。

词汇语料

qualified 合格的

revoke 吊销

serious offence 严重违章 

necessity 必要性

feasibility 可行性

regulate drivers' behavior 规范司机的行为

sophisticated 富有经验的

reckless 不顾后果的

in disregard of 无视

severe punishment 严厉惩罚

install surveillance cameras 安装摄像头

manpower and material resources 人力物力

be allocated to 分配     

are attributed to 归因于

poorly maintained 维护不善

traffic offence 交通违章

workable solution 可行的办法

作文范文

Once a person passes the driving test and gets his license, he becomes a qualified driver permanently unless the license is revoked due to serious offence. To improve road safety, some people suggest that drivers should have the test every year to renew his license, but I doubt the necessity and feasibility of this proposal.      

Taking a test on a yearly basis seems to be able to regulate drivers’ behavior, urging them to review traffic laws and driving skills continuously. However, this measure can hardly prevent sophisticated drivers from causing troubles on the road. They may obey the rules perfectly with the examiner sitting beside, while after the test they are reckless and in disregard of traffic laws. What these drivers need is strict monitoring, so installing more surveillance cameras and giving violators severe punishment are more effective than making drivers take the test every year.  

Another reason against repeated test is that organizing the driving test is a task that consumes manpower and material resources and is hard to be fulfilled in real life. If this labor and money could be allocated to other aspects, better results would be achieved. For instance, a large number of accidents are attributed to broken traffic lights, unclear signs or poorly maintained roads. Therefore, investing the fund on road maintenance is a better way to make the road safer. 

 

Overall, to reduce the number of traffic offences, multiple measures are needed to be taken. However, I think giving yearly test to licensed drivers is not a workable solution, with little effect on improving road safety.   

作文题目

In some countries around the world men and women tend to have babies later in life. Why does this happen？What are the effects on society and family life？

写作思路

现在很多家庭生孩子比较晚，这么做虽然是一种个人选择，但是背后有其社会原因。随着人们受教育水平的提高，晚婚晚育是一种必然的趋势。以前的人20多岁生孩子，现在还在读书拿学位。此外，现代人生活压力大，养孩子成本高，很多年轻人选择先工作攒钱，等经济条件好了再生孩子。这样做可以给孩子更好的物质生活和成长环境，但是如果生孩子太晚，超过了Z佳生育年龄，对于女性也会有一定风险。对于社会而言，晚育会导致出生率下降和人口结构的变化，所以在一些国家老龄化变得更加严重。

词汇语料

receive higher education 接受高等教育

enter the workforce 进入职场

work for a living 为谋生而工作

pursue careers 追求事业

raise children 养育孩子

put pressure on 造成压力

postpone 推迟

be better off 比较宽裕

fertile years 生育年龄

deliver babies 分娩

birth rate 出生率  

personal choice 个人选择

作文范文

In many countries, people tend to have babies at an older age, compared with the generations of their parents and grandparents. I believe the changing social environment is responsible for this phenomenon.                            

As more women receive higher education and enter the workforce, they marry and start having babies later in life. In the past, females got married and gave birth to children in their early 20s, but now they are studying for degrees on campus or working for a living in the office. Another reason for late childbirth is perhaps the rising cost of raising a child. The arrival of a new baby will undoubtedly increase the family’s spending and put more pressure on young couples. Therefore, they constantly postpone their plans of having a child until they think they are financially prepared.                              

The delay in childbirth can give young women more time to pursue a degree and a career. It is also good for the children who can be raised in a relatively better environment. Older parents are thought to be more responsible and better off to support the family. However, as the age of pregnancy increases, a woman's fertility begins to decrease and the risk of delivering babies goes up. These factors need to be considered by young couples. For society, late childbirth means a lower birth rate because women have fewer fertile years, so the country’s young population declines. Consequently, the percentage of aged population may rise accordingly, leading to a series of social problems such as the lack of manpower and the need for better healthcare facilities.

To sum up, when to have babies is a personal choice and the trend of having babies late in life brings both positive and negative outcomes to society and individuals.   

7、媒体话题

作文题目

More and more people no longer read newspapers or watch TV programs to get news. They get news about the world through the internet. Is this a positive or negative development?

写作思路

网上看新闻逐步取代传统的报纸或者电视，这是由网络的优势决定的。因为网络新闻的时效性更强，无论是发布新闻，还是观看新闻，只需要一部能上网的手机，而报纸和电视的新闻创作需要花更多时间，包括记者赶赴现场、撰写报导和制作节目。此外，人们在网上看新闻可以发表自己的意见和看法，参与度和互动性更强。虽然也会有一些弊端，比如有些网络新闻未经证实，后来发现是谣言，但是随着一些监管措施的完善，这些问题正在得到改善。而网络获取新闻这种模式在当今社会显然是一种积极的发展趋势。

词汇语料

current affairs  新闻时事

source of news  新闻来源

online readers  线上读者 

offline readers  线下读者

timeliness  及时性

in a timely manner  及时地

have easy access to  容易获得

dispatch  派遣

express their opinions  表达观点

share their ideas  分享想法

traditional forms of media  传统媒体形式

degree of participation  参与度

rigorous censorship  严格的审查

disseminate  传播

combat  打击

spread rumors  传谣

作文范文

People used to read newspapers and watch TV to know current affairs, but now the Internet has become an important source of news. I think there are multiple benefits of being online readers over offline readers.      

Firstly, online news sourcing has greater advantages in terms of the timeliness of the coverage. Those who witness a news event can post the information online the first time and readers have easy access to the news on their mobile phones. In comparison, it takes a longer time to get the news via the newspaper and TV, as reporters need to be dispatched to the site and too much time is spent on writing, printing, circulation and program production. 

 

In addition to getting the news in a timely manner, web users can also join the discussion over the news event. After the news is posted, readers can follow the post with their comments. The internet gives readers more opportunities to express their opinions and share their ideas, while in the traditional forms of media the readers have much less degree of participation and interaction. 

However, the truthfulness of the online news is a concern of the general public. Unlike newspapers and TV, the Internet does not have rigorous censorship. The result is that, in some cases, the news turns out to be fake after it is disseminated widely on the web. But this situation is improving, with effective measures taken to combat spreading rumors on the Internet.     

Overall, it is a positive development that people choose to get news on the Internet and this trend is expected to continue in the future.

8、健康话题

作文题目

Young people do not spend their holidays and weekends doing outdoor activities like hiking and climbing in the natural environment. Why is that? How do we encourage them to go out?

写作思路

年轻人不搞户外运动，主要原因包括学习和工作太忙，没有时间；即使有时间，也愿意选择一些更轻松和更容易获得的室内活动，比如看电视和打游戏，而不愿意参加耗费时间和体力的户外活动。要鼓励年轻人走出去，第一步是让他们认识到户外活动对于身心的益处，可以通过社区宣传和上传相关的网络视频，提高年轻人的健康意识。其次可以组织一些户外活动，比如爬山、远足、露营等，吸引年轻人参加，让他们体会到户外活动的乐趣，使他们主动放下手机电脑，选择更积极的户外休闲活动。

词汇语料

be unpopular 不受欢迎的

prefer to 更加喜欢

engage in 从事 

accessible 可以获得的

appealing 吸引人的

physically strong 身体强健

boost mental health 促进心理健康

play a role 发挥作用

put up posters 张贴宣传画

bulletin board 公告栏

publicize 宣传

self-motivated 自觉主动的

Coaching 指导

essential skills 必要的技巧

feel the joy 感受到快乐

作文范文

Outdoor activities such as hiking and climbing are definitely beneficial to people’s health, but these activities seem to be unpopular among young people. There are some reasons that may explain this phenomenon.       

A common excuse is that young people are so busy that they have no time to go out, which may be true to some extent. But the more important reason for less outdoor exercise is that the young generation today prefers to engage in other relaxing and entertaining activities such as watching TV series, playing video games or socializing online. Compared with outdoor activities that require more time, energy and skills, these indoor activities are more accessible and appealing to the youth. 

To get young people outdoors, the first step is to educate them about the rewards of outdoor activities, which can make them physically stronger and boost their mental health as well. The community needs to play a role in this education and effective ways include putting up posters on the bulletin board, or uploading some videos on the web to publicize the benefits of outdoor exercise. Only when young people become self-motivated to go out can outdoor activities truly be promoted.  

If the community could organize some clubs with outdoor themes like hiking, camping and boating, it would attract more young people to these activities. Coaching should be provided in the club to teach participants essential skills and going out in groups would make the outdoor experience safer and more fun. Once young people feel the joy of outdoor activities, they would go out more often and spend their leisure time more actively.

9、饮食话题

作文题目

In many countries, traditional foods are replaced by international fast foods. Some people think this is having a negative effect on both families and societies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

写作思路

本题是道经典的议论文考题，讨论的是传统饮食被国际快餐取代这一现象对家庭和社会产生的影响。范文推荐的写作方向是侧重论证其产生的负面影响。

词汇语料

the increasing availability of ......的日益普及

a significant feature of ......的显著特征

inevitable 不可避免的

lead to undesirable consequences for 对......导致不良后果

cultural exchange 文化交流

in terms of variety 就多样性而言

within walking distance 步行的距离

take care of 处理，应对

on a regular basis 经常地

processed foods 加工食品

be problematic to 对......产生问题

develop a habit of 养成......的习惯

high levels of added sugar, sodium, and trans fat 大量的添加糖、钠和反式脂肪

calorie intake 热量摄入

contribute to the obesity epidemic 导致肥胖症的流行

accompanied by an increasing prevalence of 伴随着......的普及

be marked by 以......为特征

traditionally prepared feasts 传统的宴席

traditional home-cooked meals 传统的家常便饭

the utility of ......的效用

option 选择

be aware of 意识到

neglect 忽略

作文范文

The increasing availability of international fast foods has been a significant feature of modern life. Some people, therefore, think it is inevitable that traditional  both families and society as a whole.

It is true that nowadays many people do not have enough time to cook and that fast foods present an attractive option. With the process of cultural exchange and global economy, these foods have been improved significantly in terms of variety. It is easy to find foreign-branded fast foods chains within walking distance almost everywhere. This explains why many families are relying on products from the fast food industry to take care of their meals on a regular basis.

Although eating processed foods and menu items from the fast food industry is often advertised as a fast way to satisfy people’s hunger, developing a habit of having fast food products can be problematic to health. People who eat at fast food restaurants tend to underestimate their calorie intake, and most fast food meals contain high levels of added sugar, sodium, and trans fat etc. Thus, it is claimed that the fast food industry contributes to the obesity epidemic and generates health issues such as high blood pressure or even heart disease.

Another negative impact accompanied by an increasing prevalence of international fast foods is the loss of culture and social values. Traditional foods are an important aspect of culture and social life. In regular family gatherings, traditional meals are shared with families. Important celebrations, such as weddings, Christmas, Thanksgiving, and Chinese New Year, are marked by traditionally prepared feasts. It is hard to imagine a world where people did not continue to have traditional home-cooked meals. Hence, in spite of the utility of fast foods, traditional foods and traditional methods of food preparation should be highly valued.

To conclude, there are times when a fast food meal can be the best option, but being aware of the consequences for neglecting the role of traditional foods is crucial.

10、广告话题

作文题目 

Some people say that the main aim of advertising is to improve the sales of products that people do not really need. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

写作思路

本题是道经典的媒体类议论文考题，讨论的是广告的目的和作用。题目写作方向灵活，但一定要注意题目中的限定词“人们不需要的产品”。

词汇语料

are bombarded with 面对铺天盖地的......

oversimplify the situation 过于简化情况

create awareness for target audience 为目标受众创造意识

a deep insight into 对......的深刻洞察

take advantage of 利用

appealing 吸引人的

fall prey to 成为......的受害者

boom 繁荣，兴旺

social media sensation 社交媒体的轰动

availability可用性

commercial 广告

make a satisfactory purchase 买到满意的东西

generate 产生

a net gain 净收益

economic activity 经济活动

ripple 涟漪

consumer demand 消费需求

discreet 谨慎

misjudged and underestimated 误判和低估

作文范文

People today are often bombarded with various advertisements on television, in newspapers, and on running buses or subways. Some claim that the main purpose of advertising is to attract the attention of people towards products and services in order to create needs that they might not have. Generally, I think they have oversimplified the situation, though advertising can be misleading.

It is true that most advertisements are designed to create awareness for target audience to lead to higher sales and acquire new customers. The advertisers seem to have a deep insight into consumers’ psychology and behavior which are taken advantage of in advertising to make their products whether a piece of clothes or a kind of snack more appealing to the target audience. As a consequence, consumers are very likely to fall prey to whatever is advertised, regardless of price and function. This is especially true with the boom of social media sensation nowadays. 

Nevertheless, I believe true needs of modern life are well-known in the age of the Internet, so people are not always dependent on advertisements to be aware of the availability of commodities. Instead, they are expected to compare products according to what commercials introduce and then make a satisfactory purchase. After all, compared with the past, people today do have higher demands from life. 

What is more, by providing information about the features of the product and service choices offered, advertising generates a net gain in direct sales and indirect sales among different levels of economic activity, as the sales ripple through the whole economy. Therefore, advertising satisfies consumer demand on the one hand and promotes the whole economic development on the other hand. 

To conclude, although consumers may need to be discreet about what has been advertised in the media, the role of advertising should not be misjudged and underestimated. 

作文题目

Some people say that advertising has positive economic effects. Others think it has negative social effects because it will make people feel dissatisfied with who they are and what they have. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 

写作思路

本题是道经典的媒体类议论文考题，讨论的是广告产生的影响。题目写作方向灵活，但是一定要注意的是只能从题目给出的两个方面来论证，一个是广告产生的经济效益，另一个是广告给人们带来的感受。

词汇语料

are bombarded with 面对铺天盖地的......

deliver powerful economic benefits 产生巨大的经济效益

stimulate economic growth 刺激经济增长

consumer spending 消费支出

determine the future of the economy 决定经济的未来

motivate 鼓励

generate 产生

a net gain 净收益

economic activity 经济活动

ripple 涟漪

support employment 支持就业

hospitality industry 服务业

create consumer demand 创造消费需求

increase purchasing power 增加购买力

too much exposure to 过多接触

impose stress on 给......压力

a deep insight into 对......的深刻洞察

take advantage of 利用

appealing 吸引人的

targeted audience 目标受众

feel inferior about 为什么......感到自卑

fall prey to 成为......的受害者

Boom 繁荣，兴旺

social media sensation 社交媒体的轰动

materially comfortable life 物质舒适的生活

contribute massively to economic growth 对经济增长贡献巨大

self-affirmation 自我肯定

consumption habit 消费习惯

作文范文

People today are often bombarded with various advertisements on television, in newspapers, and on running buses or subways. While some believe advertising delivers powerful economic benefits, others argue it makes them unhappy instead. Generally, I think there is some truth in both views. 

Those who claim advertising stimulates economic growth point out that consumer spending determines the future of the economy while advertising motivates people to spend more. As advertising provides useful information to consumers, and with more information about the features of the product and service choices offered, consumers and businesses usually choose to purchase more. By encouraging more buying, advertising generates a net gain in direct sales and indirect sales among different levels of economic activity, as the sales ripple through the whole economy. Another economic benefit of advertising is in its role of supporting employment. As a result of economic activities, advertising provides jobs not only in the production of advertisements but also in the wider economy, such as in hospitality industry. Therefore, advertising creates consumer demand on the one hand and increases purchasing power on the other hand.

Nevertheless, some people assert that too much exposure to advertising imposes stress on themselves. The advertisers seem to have a deep insight into consumers’ psychology and behavior which are taken advantage of in advertising to make their products whether a piece of clothes or a kind of snack more appealing to the targeted audience. As a consequence, consumers are very likely to feel inferior about their current situation and fall prey to whatever is advertised, regardless of the price and the function. This is especially true with the boom of social media sensation in advertisements. The public tend to compare themselves to their peers who lead a more materially comfortable life. In this case, people are driven to shop more but feel less.  

In conclusion, experience suggests that advertising does contribute massively to economic growth, but the fact also remains that self-affirmation and satisfaction with life do not necessarily come from one’s consumption habit.

微信扫描下方二维码，关注“英语考试与竞赛”公众号

回复“四级”或“六级”，即可获得历年真题资料及参考答案